Properties of fluids, hydrostatics – aerostatics, kinematics of fluids.
Fluid dynamics: Conservation equations in differential and integral form, non-dimensional numbers, analytic solutions of N-S equations,
Non-dimensional analysis and Similitude.
One-dimensional incompressible fluid flow in closed conduits.
Incompressible boundary layers: Blasius, Falkner-Skan and Pohlhausen solutions.
Introduction to turbulent boundary layers.
Ιnviscid flow: Vorticity, velocity potential and stream function, circulation, singularities, lift and drag.
One-dimensional compressible flow: Isentropic flow in variable area ducts, normal and oblique shock waves, Laval flow, Fanno flow and Rayleigh flow.
Introduction to experimental fluid dynamics: Pressure, speed and temperature measurements.
Introduction to computational fluid dynamics: Finite differences and finite volume methods.
Lab assignments: Measurement of the properties of fluids (viscometers, density meters, manometers), hydrostatic forces on plane surfaces, volumetric flow rate (Venturi tube, orifice plate, weir, rota meter). Pressure drop in pipelines (major and minor losses). Velocity distributions in ducts with circular and rectangular section. Velocity profile into the boundary layer a flat plate. Drag of a cylinder. Lift and drag of a two-dimensional wing.
Types and classification of hydrodynamic machines.
Description and comparison of centrifugal, piston and rotary pumps.
Flow in the stage of a turbomachine, Euler equation for turbomachines, velocity triangles.
Pump design.
Installation and operation of a pumping unit.
Special types of pumps. Pelton, Francis and Kaplan water turbines.
Theory of water turbines. Installation and operation of a hydroelectric plant.
Gas pumps: fans, blowers, compressors.
Lab assignments: Measurements and calculations of performance curves in a centrifugal pump test rig, Measurements and calculations of performance curves for two pumps operating in parallel and in series, Measurements and calculations of performance curves in Pelton, Francis and Kaplan water turbine test rigs, Measurements and calculations of performance curves in axial and centrifugal fans test rigs, Design of a pump test rig and a fan test rig.
Μ517 – Turbomachines (ECTS 6.0), 5th Semester
Types and classification of turbomachines. Flow in a turbomachine, Euler equation, Velocity triangles.
Incompressible flow turbomachines (water pumps, water turbines, fans): Non-dimensional characteristic numbers and performance, Installations of hydrodynamic machines, selection criteria, special problems.
Compressible flow turbomachines: Industrial gas turbines (types and applications, gas turbine power plants, combined cycle with steam turbine, open and closed gas turbine cycles, ideal cycle analysis, real cycle analysis), Aircraft gas turbines (Jet engines and principles of operation, Theory of propulsion, Propulsion efficiency).
Major components of gas turbines (types and performances of compressors, combustion chambers and turbines).
Lab assignments: Measurements and calculations of performance curves in a centrifugal pump test rig, Measurements and calculations of performance curves for two pumps operating in parallel and in series, Measurements and calculations of performance curves in a Pelton turbine test rig, Measurements and calculations of performance curves in axial and centrifugal fans test rigs. Measurements in a gas turbine test rig, Measurements in a steam turbine test rig, Cycle simulations and performance calculations of gas turbine plants.
